The occurrence of ESBL Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species in Selected Broiler Farms in Jalingo, Taraba State Nigeria
Abstract
Food-producing animals, including poultry, have been considered as potential sources of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) - producing Escherichia coli. This study investigates the occurrence and distribution of ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella species among three broiler poultry farms in Jalingo, Taraba State Nigeria. One hundred and thirty-eight isolates which comprised of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca were isolated and successfully identified from the broilers farms. The isolates were tested for beta-lactamase producing ability as well as screen for the antibiotic susceptibility profile and the curing rate of the ESBL positive bacteria using standard procedures. While the results obtained revealed the occurrence of 94.90%, 3.00% and 2.20% for the E. coli, K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca in the farms respectively, the prevalence of ESBL producing was 34.10%, 0.70% and 0% respectively for the E. coli, K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca bacteria isolate. It was also revealed that clavulanic acid inhibited the ESBL enzyme. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the ESBL producing E. coli showed a 100% resistance to ampicillin, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone as well as a 46.80%, 70.20%, 2.10%, 25.50% and 59.60% resistance to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin and tetracycline respectively. The curing rate of the ESBL positive producing E. coli was 16.70%. This study revealed the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in chickens from small-scale commercial poultry farms in Jalingo, thus indicating that chickens may serve as important reservoirs for the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens to humans through the food chain.
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