Experimental Study to Determine Flow Parameters over Roughed Crump Weir Models

Sani Yakubu Khalifa, Babatunde Korode Adeogun, Abubakar Ismail, Morufu Ajibola Ajibike

Abstract


A crump weir is commonly used to measure discharge in open flow channels. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of surface roughness of crump weir. 18 crump weir models of different apex angle 80o, 90o 100o, 110o 120o and 130°. Also by decreasing upstream angles to have the following values 85o, 70o, 55o, 40o, 25o and 10o. The increasing values of the downstream angles are 15o, 20o, 25o, 30o, 35o and 40o respectively to obtain the sum angle of the triangle to be 180o were developed. For each type of crump three types of surface roughness were used. The first one was a smooth PVC, the second one is coated with a uniform sand D50 =1.18mm (D50=is the sieve diameter in which 50% of material are finer), while the third is covered by gravel of D50= 4.0 mm. Eighteen models were used to conduct the experimental study. From the result obtained model 17 is the most efficient crump weir having the least Cd of 1.14914 and least percentage error of 12.97412. And the model has been optimised using GA with a Cd value of 1.14815. The obtained results show that Cd values increase with increasing flow rate as well as with decreasing crump height; an increase in surface roughness of crump weir can make a great reduction in Cd value. The h/P effect on Cd values increases with an increase in crump weir height. The Cd value is also directly proportional to the upstream slope and inversely to the downstream slope.



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