Experimental Study of Flow Characteristics Over Single Step Broad Crested Weir

Bashir Tanimu, Aliyu Bamaiyi Usman, Al-Amin Danladi Bello, Surajo Abubakar Wada, Khalid Sulaiman

Abstract


Weirs are hydraulic structures built across channels to raise the depth of water across irrigation channels and also to vary the channels flow characteristics making it easier to measure discharge rate of flow. This study analyzed the parameters that have effect on the steps and its shape to influence the flow characteristics such as coefficient of discharge, height, velocity etc. An empirical relations for discharge coefficient ( ) and flow rate due to these changes were derived. The results showed that the weir model with  = 0.167 produce a higher compared with other weir models of different configuration of constant round nose radius. At the end of the analysis, two model equations were obtained, the first model was used to estimate the flow rate over the weir models, the second was to estimate the  in terms of ratios of weir height ( ) and round nose radius ( ).The model results obtained can be used to design a prototype weirs of desired coefficient of discharge.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdullahi U (2014); “Experimental Investigation of Flow Characteristics Over Semi-Circular Broad Crested Weir Models” M.sc Thesis, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Cruise, James F., and M. M. Sheriff. Elementary Hydraulics. Toronto, Ont.: Thomson/Nelson, 2007 Dissipaters", Dam Energy, Vol.11, No.4, PP. 205-242

Claydon, John F., “Broad Crested Weir.” Broad Crested Weir. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. http://www.jfccivilengineer.com/broad-crested-weir.htm

Salmasi, F. Poorescandar. S Dalir, A. H. and Zadeh,D. F. (2012) “Discharge Relations for Rectangular Broad-Crested Weirs” Journal Agricultural Sciences. www.agri.ankara.edu.tr/journal

Hussein, H. H., Juma, I. A., and Shareef, S. J., 2011, “Improving the Hydraulic Performance of Single Step Broad-Crested Weirs", Journal of Al-Rafidain Engineering., Mosul University.

Muhammad, M. M (2012); “Experimental study of flow characteristics over compound crested weir” M.sc Thesis, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Munta. S.K(2010) “evaluation study of energy dissipation over stepped spillway models” M.Sc thesis, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria.

Chinnarasri, C., Donjadee, S., and Israngkura, U., 2008, “Hydraulic characteristics of gabion-stepped weirs." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 134(8), 1147-1152.

Chow, V. T., (1959), Open-channel Hydraulics, McGraw-Hill, New York.

Hussein, H. H., Juma, I. A., and Shareef, S. J., (2009), “Flow characteristics and energy dissipation over stepped round-nosed broad–crested weirs", accepted in Journal of Al-Rafidain Engineering., Mosul University.

Altalid, A. (2021). Discharge coefficient of flow over Al-Shalalat stepped weir on Al-Khusr River” Journal of Water Applied science.

Al-Hashimi, S. M, Madhloom, H. M, Khalaf R. M, Nahi T. N. and Al-Ansari, N. A. (2017) “Flow over Broad Crested weirs: Comparison of 2D and 3D Models” Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 11 (2017) 769-779

Tingey S.E. “Discharge Coefficients of Oblique Weirs,” 2011.

Mujahid M. M, Ismail A, Otun J.A and Adie D.B “Hydraulic Performance of Flow over Normal and Inclined Compound Crested weir Models” Niger Assoc. Hydrol.Sci.2012 no 2005, pp.288-295, 2012.

Hubert Chanson and Davide Wüthrich (2014), Hydraulics, Air Entrainment and Energy Dissipation on a Gabion Stepped Weir. Journal of American Society of Civil Engineers.

Ayush Vashisth, (2014). “Energy Dissipation over Stepped Gabion Weir”. International Journal of Dynamics of Fluids. ISSN 0973-1784 Volume 13, Number 1 (2017), pp. 153 -159


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.