Variability of Soil Properties with Horizontal Locations

Kabiru Adebayo, John Engbonye Sani, Fatima Balarabe, Muktar Olawale Adeshokan, Moshood Opeyemi Hamzat, Nasir Kurra Kabir, Abusadik Aliyu

Abstract


The index and engineering properties of residual soils at the Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA) Afaka-Mando Kaduna, Nigeria were investigated with the aim of evaluating their variability with horizontal locations. Disturbed soil samples were collected at 0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m depths from six borrow pits located at 500 m radius around the Civil Engineering department. Results from the laboratory tests range from: 2.40 to 2.64 for specific gravity; 14.96% to 20.05% for natural moisture content; 0.5% to 19.4% for percentage gravel content; 11.1% to 34.1% for percentage sand content; 57.6% to 87.8% for percentage fines content; 39.4% to 44.3% for liquid limits; 24.6% to 30.0% for plastic limits; 1.65 kg/m3 to 1.79 kg/m3 for maximum dry density; 17.36% to 20.94% for optimum moisture content and 159.34 kN/m2 to 258.51 kN/m2 for unconfined compressive strength. Coefficient of variation was excellent for specific gravity, natural moisture content, consistency limits, compaction parameters and unconfined compressive strength; good for percentage fines fractions only; and poor for gravel fractions and percentage sand fractions. From the research, variations exist in the properties of soil at NDA Kaduna and thus, it can be concluded that soil properties can vary with horizontal locations in an area.

 


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