Assessment of Water Distribution Network of National Water Resources Institute Mando Using WaterCAD

Abdullahi Ibrahim, Aliyu Yusuf Muhammad, Saminu Ahmed, Sani John Engbonye, Ismail Saleh, Jamil Musa Hayatu

Abstract


The water supply distribution network in National Water Resources Institute, Kaduna does not meet the demand of the institute, partly due to inadequacy of water supply into the distribution system as well as inefficient distribution system, improper connections in the pipes supplying water to the main overhead tank and burst pipes resulting in water loss due to leakages. In this study, Water CAD was used in the assessment of the existing water distribution system of National Water Resources Institute, Kaduna. It is aimed at analyzing water distribution system in the study area, the adequacy of the existing tanks and the main causes of the frequent water problems in the study area. Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software was used to develop the Topographical map of the Institute in order to obtain the spatial information needed for the analysis. An extended period simulation was carried out to determine hydraulic parameters such as pressure, velocity and flow rate. The results of the analysis in the network revealed that the pressure range is from 8.82m to 17.35m, the flow range is from 0.31 l/s to 12.41 l/s and the velocity range is from 0.07m/s to 3.98m/s. This result shows that the pressure, flow and velocity are adequate enough to provide water in the Institute. The main overhead tank of the Institute has a capacity of 210000 litres and existing water demand of the Institute is 167220 litres per day. Finally, some of the reasons for the inefficiency in water delivery from the assessment carried out were the inability to fill up the main overhead tank to its maximum capacity in adequate time, inefficient submersible pumps, improper connections, pipe bursts and power outages

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adeniran, A. E., & Oyelowo, M. A. (2013). An EPANET Analysis of Water Distribution Network of the University of Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Engineering Research, 18(2).

Alkali, A. N., Yadima, S. G., Usman, B., Ibrahim, U. A., & Lawan, A. G. (2017). Design of a water supply distribution network using Epanet 2.0: A case study of Maiduguri Zone 3, Nigeria. Arid Zone Journal of Engineering, Technology and Environment, 13(3), 347–355.

Arunkumar, M. & Mariappan, N. V. E. (2011). Water demand analysis of municipal water supply using EPANET software. International Journal on Applied Bioengineering.

Ayanshola, A. M. & Sule, B. F. (2006). Assessment of flow pressure in selected zones of Ilorin township water supply network. Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering.

Coelho, T. S. (1997). Performance in water distribution: A systems approach, Wiley, New Construction Standards

Dhumal, J. R., Danale, M. S., & Jadhav, G. H. (2018). Design of Continuous Water Supply System by using WaterGEMS. 8th National Conference on ‘Emerging Trends in Engineering, Kolhapur, India (NCETET-2018).

Elsheikh M. A., Salem H. I., Rashwan I. M. and El-Samadoni M. M. (2013). “Hydraulic modelling of water supply distribution for improving its quantity and quality”, Sustain. Environ. Res., 23(6), 403-411.

Gupta I., Dr. R.K. Khitoliya, Dr. S. Kumar (2013), “Study of water distribution network using EPANET”, International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, Vol. 03(6).

Haestad M. I., Walski, T.M., Chase, D.V., Savic, D.A., Grayman, W., Beckwith, S. and Koelle, E. (2003) Advanced Water Distribution Modeling and Management. Haestad Methods Inc., Waterbury..

Harding, M.P. (2008). GIS representation and assessment of water distribution system for Mae La Temporary Shelter, Thailand.

Hickey, H (FEMA), (2008) “Water Supply Systems” volI.pdf”. http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/downloads/pdf/publications/

http://proceedings.esri.com/library/userconf/proc98/proceed/to250/pap237/p237.htm

Lingkungan, B. (2012): Environmental Sustanability Index, http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/ courses/webcoursecontents/ IITKANPUR/wasteWater/Lecture%202.htm

Izinyon, O. C., & Anyata, B. U. (2009). Water distribution network modelling of a small community using watercad simulator. Global Journal of Engineering Research, 10(1–2), 35–47.Jersey.

Kleiner, Y and Rajani, B. B., (2000). “Considering Time Dependent Factors in the Statistical Prediction of Water Main Breaks”, American Water Works Association.

Mohapatra S., S. Kamble, A. Sargaonkar & P. K. Labhasetwar (2012). “Efficiency study of a pilot water distribution system using EPANET and ArcGIS10”, Conference CSIR-NEERI.

ODEQ, (2009) “Public Water Supply Operation Manual” http://www.deq.state.ok.us/Rules/631.pdf

Qasim, S. R., Motley, E. M and Zhu, G., (2000). Water Works Engineering (Planning, Design Operation). Prentice – Hall of India (PVT) Ltd, New Delhi.

Salvato, J. (1992). Environmental Engineering and Sanitation, Wiley, New Jersey.

Rossman,L.A (2000).EPAnet User’s Manual., Environmental Protection Agency,

Saminu, A., Abubakar, I., Rabia, L., & Abdullahi, I. (2013). Analysis of Existing Water Distribution Network, To Investigate Its Adequacy in Performances of Its Function. A Case Study of: Badarawa/Malali Distribution Network *1, 3,4. 2(7).

Salvato, J. (1992). Environmental Engineering and Sanitation, Wiley, New Jersey

Sincero, A. P. and Sincero, G. A., (1996). Environmental Engineering; A Design Approach. 2nd Edition Prentice Hall of India (PVt) Limited, New Delhi India.

Swamee, P. K. and Sharma, A. K. (2008). Design of Water Supply Pipe Networks. In Design of Water Supply Pipe Networks. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470225059.

Terlumun, U. and Robert, E. (2019). Evaluation of Municipal Water Distribution Network Using Watercard and Watergems. Journal of Engineering and Sciences, 5(2), 147–156.

US Environmental Protection Agency (2009). “Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)”. http://www.epa.gov/safewater/sdwa/basicinformation.html


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.