Suitability of sulphated Jatropha curcas seed oil as fatliquor for processed leather

B. T. Patrick, I. Akawu, S. F. Tanko

Abstract


Jatropha curcas oil was synthesized to fat liquor and used in comparison with commercial fat liquor to process goat skins according to leather specifications in a tannery. The raw oil was characterized for the following physicochemical properties: pH - 5.2, Density - 0.92 g/cm3, Iodine value – 72.12, Saponification value – 224.40 mgKOH/g, Acid value – 13.2 mgKOH/g, Free fatty acid- 6.6, Specific gravity- 0.9 and Moisture content- 8%. The fatliquor was synthesized via a sulphation process and was characterized as follows: Iodine value –60.00, Saponification value – 230.2 mgKOH/g, Acid value – 22.4 mgKOH/g, Free fatty acid- 11.2, Specific gravity- 1.2 and Moisture content- 20 %.  After both synthesized fatliquor (SF) and commercial fat liquor (CF) were employed in the fatliquoring process, the fatliquored leathers were analyzed for several physicomechanical properties namely: Tensile strength: CF -24.41 N/ SF-30.00 N; Percentage Elongation: CF-21 % /SF-60 %; Water absorption: CF-18.31 % /SF-18.33 %; Abrasion resistance: CF-2.63 % /SF-11.76 %; Shrinkage Temperature: 96 oC for both CF and JF; Displacement: CF-9.2 mm/ SF-12.36 mm; Resistance to Compression: CF-2.62 kgf cm-2/ SF- 2.88 kgf cm-2; Thickness: CF-1.37 mm /SF- 1.42 mm and Indentation Index of 23 for both CF and SF. It is thus concluded that fat liquor from Jatropha curcas seed oil can serve as a sustainable replacement for commercial fat liquors in the tanning industry and will yield more desirable physico-mechanical properties of the leather.


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References


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