Enhancing the Efficiency of Metal Free Based Dye Sensitized Solar Cell from Benzothiazol-2-Yl)Diazenyl]Benzoic Acid

Obadahun J., K. A. Bello, M. K. Yakubu, Abdelmalik A. A., Agho O. B., Omotola M. B., Blessing I. Samuel, Richard A. Oladimeji

Abstract


The scientific community's collective efforts over the last 20 years have not only pushed efficiencies higher, but have also produced various novel methods of producing robust and durable DSSC cells at a reasonable cost with good conversion efficiencies. This work centered on enhancing the efficiency of metal free based dye sensitized solar cells from benzothiazol-2-yl)diazenyl]benzoic acid. Two sensitizers A23 and A24 were synthesized and characterized using analytical schemes such as the melting points, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy to elucidate their structures. The vibrational frequency obtained for the synthesized dyes shows the characteristics absorption peaks due to stretching frequency of the NH-group in the region 3421.7-3459 cm-1. The IR spectra of the prepared azo dye also showed an absorption peak in the region 1505.8-1528.2 cm-1 attributed to azo chromophoric group( N=N), also the GC-MS analysis dyes showed molecular ion peaks  m/z 328.3 m/z  which is  consistent with the molecular formula of the dyes. The 1H and 13C- NMR spectra  for the synthesized dye  showed eight signals with a highly deshielded signal at 10.39 ppm (IH, singlet) which is attributed to the presence of the OH of the carboxylic group, 7.73 – 8.27  ppm due to the presence of amino (-NH2) protons. Two signals were observed for two pairs of aromatic proton in the (6.84 – 7.81) ppm range with a coupling constant of 8 – 12 Hz. Also a distinct signal was observed upfield at 3.06 ppm due to the presence of methyl (CH3) proton. The 13C-NMR spectrum of the Dyes showed the signal at 162.26 ppm for the carbon atom in the COOH group.  The photovoltaic parameter of the fabricated cells were characterized via (open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), photoelectric conversion efficiencies (n) of the DSSC with active area of 1.0cm2 were observed and the comparative results are summarized in figure 1.0 and 2. The open circuit voltage (Voc), and short circuit Current (Jsc) of the solar cells were measured under 100 mW/cm2 at (AM 1.5G solar Condition) and the conversion efficiency of the cells span from 3.86-4.34%. Dye A24 photo-sensitizer demonstrated the higher solar conversion efficiency of 4.34% due to the stronger synergetic effect of D-π-A structural configuration.


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