Control and Sizing of Microgrids: Current Challenges, Control Approaches, and Future Direction

Abba Muhammad Adua, Rabiu B. Ahmad, I. I. Alabi, A. I. Araga, Yau Alhaji Samaila, Umar M. Jajere

Abstract


Microgrids have emerged as a vital component of modern energy systems, offering localized generation and distribution capabilities that enhance grid resilience and sustainability. However, the effective control and sizing of microgrids present intricate challenges that demand innovative approaches and future-focused strategies. The challenges in controlling and sizing microgrids primarily revolve around the integration of diverse energy resources, load dynamics, and the need for seamless transition between grid-connected and islanded modes. Accurate sizing of components, such as renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, and control devices, is pivotal for optimizing microgrid performance. In response to these challenges, a variety of control approaches have been developed. Hierarchical control structures, including primary, secondary, and tertiary control layers, enable coordinated control of microgrid components. Advanced optimization techniques, such as model predictive control and distributed control, enhance the efficiency and reliability of microgrid operations. In conclusion, the control and sizing of microgrids represent a dynamic research domain with multifaceted challenges and evolving control paradigms. Addressing these challenges and embracing novel control strategies will be pivotal in realizing the full potential of microgrids, fostering energy sustainability, and contributing to the transformation of future energy grids. This abstract provides a foundational understanding of the current state, emerging trends, and potential research directions in the domain of microgrid control and sizing.


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