Socio-Environmental Predictors Associated with The Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites Among School-Aged Children in Nigeria

Muhammad Musa Galamaji, Attah Daniel Dan Inna, Usman Abubabakr

Abstract


This study determined the socio-environmental predictors associated with the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasitism in Jega and Maiyama LGAs, Kebbi state was carried out between July and October 2017. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic information of the participants and a feacal sample was collected for laboratory analysis. Logistic regression was used to test the association between the infection and risk factors. A total of 400 school-aged children between the age of 5 and 13 years were examined, out of which 181(45.25%) were found positive. Entamoeba hystolitica, hookworms and Ascaris lumbricoides were the most frequently encountered parasites with respective prevalence of 27.5%, 26.4% and 18.3% followed by Cryptosporidium parvum with prevalence of 6.5%.Logistic regression analysis indicates that, the infection was associated with: age of the pupils (Odds Ratio=1.53, 95% Confidence Interval= 1.014-2.318), gender (Odds Ratio=1.411 and 95% CI=0.950-2.094), source of drinking water (OR=1.689 and CI=1.124-2.537), toilet facilities (OR=1.238 and 1.169 for pit latrine and open field defecation respectively), Regular hands washing (OR=2.946, 95% CI=1.957-4.436), Lack of formal education (OR=0.944, 95% CI=0.615-1.449) and Farming occupation (OR=2.426, 95% CI=1.584-3.716). It was concluded that unhygienic behavioral variables, certain environmental and socio-economic factors predicted the presence of gastro-intestinal parasites in the areas.


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