Determination of Orifice Coefficients for Flow Through Circular and Rectangular Orifices

Nicholas Akhaze Musa, Bobai Santos Bityong

Abstract


Circular and rectangular orifices are among the types of orifices being classified according to geometrical shapes. They are among others widely used as flow meters.  Knowledge about the orifice coefficients and discharges through circular and rectangular orifice is very important, when selection for use is based on the requirement of low or high discharges as well as high or low orifice coefficients. So, this research work experimentally determined the orifice coefficients and discharges through circular and rectangular orifices having the same area of 0.00015m2 under a constant head of water of 0.9m.  The experimental results revealed that under a constant head of water of 0.9m, circular orifice has average coefficient of discharge, coefficient of velocity, coefficient of contraction, theoretical and actual discharges as 0.62, 0.94, 0.66, 5.52x 10-4m3/s and 3.42x 10-4m3/s respectively.  More so, that rectangular orifice under the same constant head of water of 0.9m, has average coefficient of discharge, coefficient of velocity, coefficient of contraction, theoretical and actual discharge as 0.66, 0.96, 0.69, 5.53x10-4m3/s and 3.65 x10-4m3/s respectively.


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