Optimization of Allihn Condensers for Solvent Extraction of Neem Oil for Industrial Application

Gandu S., Gonah C. M., Garkida A. D.

Abstract


The effect of the number of bulbs on the contact time for solvent extraction of oil from Neem seed was studied. Ten type “As†(A1 to A10) and ten type “Bs†(B1 to B10) Allihn condenser models were designed using autoCAD software and fabricated with borosilicate glass. The same dimension of inner tube lengths θ9/556mm, outer tube lengths θ40/600mm, outlets and inlets θ9/1.5mm and diameter of the bulbs θ26/50mm were maintained. Time to complete extraction, neem oil extract, solvent recovered, residue, number of siphon and pH of the extract were the parameters considered. 200ml of analar grade ethanol, temperature of 50oC, and 20g ground neem seed were used for this experiment. An average extract of 4.80g for type “As†Allihn condensers and 5.99g for type “Bs†Allihn condensers were recorded. Type “As†retained an average of 122.99ml solvent with type “Bs†119.80ml but type B8 (147.76ml) retained the most solvent.  Type “Bs†had the least average residue of 12.61g compared to 12.95g of type “Asâ€. Type “Bs†had an average of 18.20 siphon higher than 15.20 of type “Asâ€. pH of the extract was 6.5 which falls within the range of 5.7 - 6.5 standard value which can be applicable for natural pesticides, insecticides, insect repellants and fertilizers. B3 (10.79g) gave the highest yield of neem oil in 3hrs 30mins but for optimum result, type “Bs†Allihn condensers should be used. Emphasis on type B3, B4, B5 or B6 can be used in the process saving cost and time.


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