COMPARISON BETWEEN ALTITUDE AND HOUR ANGLE METHODS OF AZIMUTH DETERMINATION

Abstract

Azimuth determination is a principal activity in the surveying profession that helps in creating accurate and retraceable reference. This is achieved through the observation of celestial objects mainly the sun and the stars. There are two methods used for azimuth determination, the altitude method and the hour angle method. However, some surveyors and technicians often choose any method at random, without necessarily weighing the advantages and disadvantages of each before going to the field. This paper assesses the advantages one method may have against the other, providing clear preference for field astronomers.  Results show that the altitude method is preferred when it comes to accuracy. The hour angle method is faster, requires less training for proficiency, has fewer restrictions on time of the day and geographic location and has more versatility than the altitude method. Both methods can be used interchangeably in the tropics.