IN SACCO DRY MATTER DEGRADATION CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME FORAGES AND AGRO- INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS IN GUINEA SAVANNAH ZONE OF NIGERIA.

Mbahi F T, Galadima D A, Gworgwor z A, Mbaya y p

Abstract


A study was conducted to evaluate the degradation characteristics of some forages and agro-industrial by-products using three rumen fistulated goats in Northern Guinea Savanna Region of Nigeria. The forages include L. purpureus, P. purpureum, B. bryzontha, S. pumila and P. padicellatum, while the agro-industrial by-products are Groundnut cake, Maize offal, Rice offal, Brewers dried grains, Cotton seed cake and three Red Sokoto Goats. The chemical composition and dry matter content of forages and agro-industrial by-products were determined. The dry matter content was lowest in P. padicellatum (87.00%) and highest in L. purpureus (93.00%) while groundnut cake had(87.00%) and maize offal (95.00%). Crude protein content was lowest in P. purpureum (5.70%) and highest in P. padicellatum (25.00%) while rice offal had(4.40%) and groundnut cake (41.50%). Crude fibre content was lowest in P. padicellatum (31.00%) and highest in L. purpureus (38.00%) while maize offal had(5.00%) and cotton seed cake (38.00%). Ash content was lowest in P. padicellatum and S. pumila (8.00%) and highest in B. bryzontha (18.00%) while groundnut cake had (6.50%) and rice offal (22.00%). Ether extract content was lowest in S. pumila (0.60%) and highest in P. purpureum (2.10%) while rice offal had (1.20%) and groundnut cake (5.10%). Nitrogen free extract content was lowest in L. purpureus (21.50%) and highest in P. padicellatum (51.20%) while cotton seed cake had (34.30%) and rice offal (69.30%). ADF content was lowest in P. padicellatum (41.90%) and highest in S. pumila (45.60%) while maize offal had (7.90%) and rice offal (54.00%). NDF was lowest in P. purpureun (49.00%) and highest in P. padicellatum (54.00%) while groundnut cake had (30.00%) and cotton seed cake (66.54%). The mean rumen degradation characteristics of forages and agro-industrial by-products were 51.06%, 49.58%, 38.58%, 40.53%, 36.15% and those of agro-industrial by-products were; 66.21%, 69.11%, 27.68%, 52.91%, 5460% both at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. The forages almost reached 50% degradability at 48 hours, while the agro- industrial by-products reached 50% degradability at 12 hours and from these findings, forages and agro-industrial by-products used in this trial are suitable feeds to promote livestock production.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adebowale,E.A. (1992): Maize residues as ruminant feed resource in Nigeria. World animal Review No: 73 FAO Documentry Repository. www.fao.org/docrep/u8750.htm

AOAC (2000): Official methods of analysis (17th Edition) Association of Analytical chemists Inc. Arlinghton

Adebayo, A.A. and Tukur, A.L (1999): Adamawa in Maps; Paraclete Publishers, Yola Pp. 20, 23-26.

Arigbede, O.M; Olanite, J.A. Alaba, O. Jolosho, O.S. Onfade, O. and Egbtayo, M.O. (2000). Dry Matter and protein Degradability by West African Dwarf Goats of some feed ingredients sold in Abeoukuta South West Nigeria. Proceedings of 7th Annuals Conference Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN) sept. 16-19th 2002, University of Abeoukuta. Ogun state.

AOAC (2000): Official methods of analysis (17th Edition) Association of Analytical chemists Inc. Arlinghton

Bernajee, G.C (1998): Animal Husbandry 8th Edition, New Delhi, Oxford & IBH, Pp 405 & 409.

Bogoro S; Manshop C; Kalla D.J. V. (2006): Effects of quality diets on the in- sacco, in- vivo rumen degradability of cotton seed cake and soya bean stover. Journal of Arid Agriculture. 16:121-128.

Bohnert D.W; shauer C.S.C Bauer C.S and Delcuto T. (2002): Influence of Rumen Protein degradability and Supplementation frequency on performance and nitrogen use in ruminants consuming low quality forage. Journal of Animal Science 80: 2967-2977.

Church D.C, (1989): Livestock Feeds and Feeding 2nd Edition Corvallis, Oregon O&B Books.

Dimas I. Y. (2012): Rumen degradation charecteristics of some Browse plants in Mayo- Belwa L.G.A. Adamawa State. (Msc thesis MAUTECH. Yola). Pp 1-44.

D’mello J.P F. (1992): Nutritional potentialities of fodder and shrubs as protein sources for livestock A speedy and pugliese (Eds) FAO Animal production & health paper 102 pp 115-125. FAO Rome, Italy.

Faria-marmol, J; Gonzalez, J; Rodriguez, C.A & Alvir, M.R. (2002): Effect of diet forage to concentrate ratio on rumen degradability and post ruminal availability of protein from fresh and dried lurcene. British Society of Animal Science 24: 337-345.

Girma, G. Said, A.N & Sundstol F. (1994): The Effect of forage legume digestibility and body weight gain by sheep fed a basal diet of maize stover. Animal Feed Science & Technology. 46: 97-108

Gworgwor Z.A; Kibon .A and Mbahi T.F, (2006): Assessment of the nutritive values of some semi- Arid browse plants. Nigerian journal of Tropical agriculture. 8: 284-254.

Jacob, K. O, (2011): Evaluation of the nutritive values of some agric. And agro-industrial by-Products in Jalingo, Taraba State. (Msc thesis Dept of Animal Science, Mautech, Yola. Pp 1-49.

Kankpukdee S and Wanapat M (2008): Study on ruminant degradability of local plants by using Nylon bag Technique. Livestock for Rural Development 20: 135-210 (supplement).

Khalil, H; Osuji, P.O; Umunna N.N & Crosses, S. (1994): The effects of forage type (maize-lablab or oats- vetch) and level of supplementation (wheat millings) on food intake, diets apparent digestibility purine excretion and milk production of cross bred (bos Taurus and indicus) cows. Animal production 58: 321-328

Kibon, A and Qrskov, E.R, (1993): the use of degradation charecteristics of browse plants to Predict intake and digestibility by goats. Animal Science Journal 57:247-251.

Krishna, G. (1985): nylon Bag dry matter digestibility in agro-industrial by-products and waste of the tropics Agricultural Waste. 13:155-158.

Kummenda, M.S.L & Msiska, H.D. (1990): On farm evaluation of maize bran and cotton seed cake And introduction of improved forage technologies for milk production in Mzuzu milk shed of Malaw area. Utilization of research on forage and agric. By-products materials as animal feed resources in Africa. Proceedings of first joint workshop held in Lilongwe, Malawi 5-9 Dec 1988. ILCA Addis Ababa Ethiopia Pp 300-310.

Malau- Aduli, B.S, Eduvie, L. Lakpini C & Malau- Aduli A.E. (2003): Chemical compositions, feed Intake and digestibilities of Crop residues based rations in non-lactating Red sokoto goats in the sub humid zone of Nigeria. Animal Science Journal 74(2) 89-94

Mbahi, T.F; Kibon, A; Yahaya M. and Gworgwor Z.A, (2006): Effect of lablab hay and g/nut Haulms supplementation on intake and digestibility of sorgum stover by sheep. Nigerian Journal of Tropical agriculture. 8:136-140.

Mbaya, Y.P; Gworgwor Z.A; Mbahi, T.F and Muktar, Y.M (2010): In Sacco dry matter Degradation of some Nigerian crop residues. Nigerian Journal of Agricultue. 12:128-135.

Mbaya, Y.P; Kibon, A; Yahaya M.S and Gworgwor Z.A, (2011): Fistulation and cannulation of goats single stage technique using locally improvised cannula. Global journal of Agriculture. 10:2:83-88.

Nguyen van thu, (`1997): A study of feed degradability and rumen environment of swamp Buffaloes, Livestock Research for Rural development, 9:3:1-4.

Njwe, R. M & Olubajo F.o (1989): Evaluation of cassava flour and groundnut cake as concentrate Supplements for WAD goats. In: Said An & Dzonella, B.H (Eds) overcoming constraints to the efficient utilization of Agricultural by-products as feed. Proceedings of the fourth Annual worksop held at the institute of Animal research. Makon station Bamenda Cameroun Pp:198-235.

Odulami, M. O, (1988): Energy supplememtation of foragevand browse based diets using the invo nylon bag technique with cattle fed sugar cane. Tropical Animal production. 12:105-106.

Osuji, P.O; Sibanda, S & Nsahlai V.I. (1993b) : supplementation of maize stover for Ehtiopian menz Sheep. Effects of cotton seed cake. Nong (unizotia abysinica) or sun flower cake with or without maize on intake, growth, apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance and excretion of purine deravatives. Animal production 57; 429-436

Orskov, E.R and Mcdonald, G. (1979): The Estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. Journal of Agricultural Science 92:499-503.

Reddy, D.V. (2001): Applied nutrition, Oxford and IHB publishing Co. PVT New Delhi, Pp:87-89.

Smith, O.B; Idowu, O.A; Asaulu, V.O; Odulami, O. (1991): Comparative rumen degradability of Browse, forage, crop residues and by-products. Livestock research for rural development. Pp 1-9.

Smith, O. B; Osafo, E. I. K and Adegbola, A. A. (1988): Studies on the feeding values of Agro-Industrial by- products, strategies for improving the utilization of cocoa pods based diets by ruminants. Animal feed science and technology. 20:1189-1201.

Tolera, A and sundstol, F. (2000): Supplementation of graded of desmodium intortum hay to Sheep feeding on maize stover at three stages of maturity. Animal feed science and

Technology. 85:239-257.

Turki, I. Y. (2002): Effects of different dietary protein sources on fattening performances and carcass Charecteristics of Bagara cattle. PhD thesis University of Khartoum Faculty of Animal Production.Pp: 1-87.

Turki, I. Y & Atcham, A.A. (2011) : Study on chemical composition, degradation and protein Charectirization of oil seed cakes available in sudan. Research Opinion in Animal and veterinary Science. 1:9: 587-592. www.roavs.com


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.