Adsorption of Reactive Yellow FG Dye Using Cow Bone Black Activated with Calcium Chloride

Aliyu Jibril, Muhammad M. Bukhari, Abdurraheem Giwa, Hussaini D. Ibrahim

Abstract


In this study, the synthesis and characterization of activated bone black from cow was carried out. The cow bones were calcined at 500, 700, and 900°C and activated with 50% CaCl2. The BET surface areas obtained for the ABCs gave 418.333m2/g, 392.508m2/g and 356.276m2/g respectively. Walkley-Black organic carbon elemental analysis for the ABCs gave 2.078% for ABC500°C, 0.935% for ABC700°C and 0.416% for ABC900°C. The BET surface areas, SEM micrographs, Walkley-Black organic carbon elemental analysis alongside some other physical properties obtained from the proximate analysis showed that the absorbency quality of activated bone black decreased with increased calcination temperature as there was 45% decrease in carbon content from ABC500°C to ABC900°C, all these are indicative of ABC500°C being possessive of the best absorbency characteristics among the three ABCs produced. The adsorption decreased with increase in calcination temperature and adsorption temperature.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Asgari, G., Akbari, S., Mohammadi, S. A., Poormohammadi, A., and Ramavandi, B. (2017). Preparation and catalytic activity of bone-char ash decorated with MgO-FeNO3 for ozonation of reactive black 5 dye from aqueous solution: Taguchi optimization data, Elsevier Inc. Iran. Retrieved from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Bansal, R. C., and Goyal, M. (2005). Activated Carbon Adsorption, CRC Press, USA, 1-5.

Bendaho, D., Driss, A. T., and Bassou, D. (2017). Adsorption of acid dye onto activated Algerian clay. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 31(1), 51. doi:10.4314/bcse.v31i1.5.

Djilani, C., Zaghdoudi, R., Djazi, F., Bouchekima, B., Lallam, A., and Magri, P. (2016). Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from animal bones and its application for removal of organic micro pollutants from aqueous solution: Desalination and Water Treatment, 57(52), 25070–25079. doi:10.1080/19443994.2016.1151379.

El Haddad, M., Slimani, R.,Mamouni, R., and Lazar, S. (2013). Removal of two textile dyes from aqueous solutions onto calcined bones. Journal of the Association of Arab universities for basic and applied science. (14): 51-59.

Emad, N., El Qada, Stephen Allen, J., Gavin Walker, M.(2006) Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto activated carbonproduced from steam activated bituminous coal, Chemical Engineering Journal 124 (2006) 103–110.

European Commission-Directorate-General for Environment (2001). Properties of wastes relevant to agricultural benefit and environmental impact. WRc Ref: CO 4953-2/11768-1.

Figueiredo, M., Fernando, A., Martins, G., Freitas, J., Judas, F., and Figueiredo, H. (2010). Effect of the calcination temperature on the composition and microstructure of hydroxyapatite derived from human and animal bone. Ceramics International: Elsevier Ltd and Techna. S.r.l. 36(2010), 2383-2393. Group. doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2010.07.016.

Galeano, S., Garcia-Lorenzo, M. L. (2014). Bone mineral change during experimental calcination: an X-ray diffraction study. Journal of Forensic Science. 59(6). Doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12525

Gimba, C. and Musa, I., (2007). Preparation of activated carbon from agricultural waste: Cyanide binding with activated carbon matrix from coconut shell. Journal of Chemistry. 32: 167-170.

Helleur, R., Popovic, N., Ikura, M., Stanciulescu, M., and Liu, D., (2001). Characterization and potential applications of pyrolytic char from ablative pyrolysis of used tires. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 58-59: 813-824.

Kadirvelu, K., Kavipriya, M., Karthika, C., Radhika, M., Vennilamani, N. and Pattabhi, S., (2003). Utilization of various agricultural wastes for activated carbon preparation and application for the removal of dyes and metal ions from aqueous solutions. Bioresource Technology, 87: 129-132.

Kanu, I., and Achi, O. K. (2011), Industrial effluents and their impact on water quality of receiving rivers in Nigeria, Journal of Applied Technology in Environmental Sanitation. 1(1), 75-86.

Kizilkaya, B., Tekinay, A. A., and Dilgin, Y. (2010). Adsorption and removal of Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution using pretreated fish bones. Desalination, 264(1-2), 37–47. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2010.06.076.

Mohammed, A., Aboje, A. A., Auta, M., and Jibril, M. (2012). A comparative analysis and characterization of animal bones as adsorbent. U.S.A, Advances in Applied Science Research. 3(5), 3089-3096, ISSN: 0976-8610. Retrieved from www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com.

Nwankwo, I. H., Nwaiwu, N. E., and Nwabanne, J. T., (2018). Production and characterization of activated carbon from animal bone. American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER). E-ISSN: 2320-0847 p-ISSN: 2320-0936. 7(7), 335-341. Available at www.ajer.org.

Okoye, A. I. (2010). Preparation, characterization and adsorptive evaluation of activated carbon from Telfairia occidentalis and gambeyaalbida seed shells. MSc. Research Project, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Retrieved from http://www.unn.edu.ng/publications/files/images/Okoye_A_I_PG_M.Sc_07_42985.Pdf.

Ooi, C. Y., Hamdi, M. and Ramesh, S. (2007). Properties of hydroxyapatite produced by annealing of bovine bone. Ceramics International. 33(7), 1171–1177. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2006.04.001.

Rahman, F. (2016). The treatment of industrial effluents for the discharge of textile dyes by using techniques and adsorbents, Journal of Textile science and Engineering. ISSN: 2165-8064.

Sahira, J., Mandira, A., Prasad, B. P., and Ram, R. P. (2013). Effects of activating agents on the activated carbons prepared from lapis seed stone. Research Journal of Chemical Sciences.3 (5), 19-24.ISSN 2231-606X.

Secula, S. M., Cretescu, I., and Petrescu, S. (2011). An experimental study of indigo carmine removal from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation. Desalination, 277(1-3), 227–235. dio:10.1016/j.desal.2011.04.031

Slimani, A. N., El Laghdach, A., Emanuel, C. C., Stitou, M., El Yousfi, F., and Jbari, N. (2013). Preparation of bone chars by calcination in traditional furnace.

Journal of Material and Environmental Science. 5(2), 476-483. ISSN: 2028-2508.

Yousaf, M., Ahmad, M., Ahmad, B. I., and Nasir, A. (2018). Removal of RY42 anionic dye pollutant from aqueous solution using novel reusable adsorbent prepared from water chestnut peel and fruit. International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology. Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.