Hybrid User Association Algorithm with Optimal Bandwidth Allocation and Power Control for Energy Efficiency Optimization in 5G HetNet

E. Obi, S. M. Sani, A. M. S. Tekanyi, A. D. Usman

Abstract


This paper presents the development and integration of a power control algorithm into the User Association Algorithm with Optimal Bandwidth Allocation (UAAOBA) to form a Hybrid User Association Algorithm with Optimal Bandwidth Allocation and Power Control (HUAAOBAPC). The power control algorithm updates the transmit power of the Base Stations (BSs) towards a minimum transmit power that satisfies the minimum data rate requirement of the User Equipment (UEs). The power update is achieved using the Newton Rhapson’s method and it adapts the transmit powers of the BSs to the number of their connected UEs. The developed HUAAOBAPC provides for an optimal solution for user associations, bandwidth allocation, and power control to UEs concurrently. This maximizes the network energy efficiency by coordinating the load fairness and throughput fairness of the network while guaranteeing the quality of service requirement of the UEs. The network energy efficiency performance of the developed HUAAOBAPC is compared with that of the UAAOBA. The results show that the developed algorithm has a network energy efficiency improvement of 12.54% with respect to UAAOBA for increasing number of macro BS antennas. Also, when the number pico BSs were increased, the developed algorithm has network energy efficiency improvement of 18.05% with respect to UAAOBA. Finally, the developed algorithm has network energy efficiency improvement of 13.41% with respect to UAAOBA for an increasing number of femto BSs. This implies that the developed algorithm performs better than the UAAOBA in terms of network energy efficiency.


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References


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