Green Reinforcement of Recycled Mild Steel with Date Palm Seed Particles for Enhanced Dynamic Properties in Automotive Applications

Mubarak Tijani, Umar Hassan

Abstract


As the need arises to replace hazardous chemicals such as asbestos used in brake pad production, recent developments have shifted towards a more sustainable replacement with available and naturally derived materials. This study investigates the dimensional and dynamic mechanical properties of brake pad composites reinforced with metal chips and date palm seed (DPS) particles. Three samples  (A, B, and C) with varying DPS particle compositions (40%, 35%, and 30%) were produced and analysed. Dimensional stability analysis showed that Sample A exhibited shrinkage of -1.8%, demonstrating superior resistance to humidity-induced deformation compared to the dimensional growth of 9% and 12.8% in Samples B and C, respectively. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results revealed a decrease in storage modulus with increasing temperature, consistent with the glass-to-rubber transition. Sample B had the highest storage modulus across all frequencies, indicating superior stiffness. However, Sample A demonstrated better damping capacity (0.325 tan δ) and effective energy dissipation, attributed to strong filler-matrix interactions. Creep analysis further validated Samples A and B’s enhanced thermal stability and deformation resistance. The study highlights Sample A as the most balanced composite, offering superior dimensional stability and damping properties.


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References


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