Managing Contemporary Conflicts: The Architecture, Functions, and Challenges of International Organizations – A Study of the UN, NATO, ECOWAS, AU, and the Arab League

Michael Ibe Uche

Abstract


International organizations play a pivotal role in conflict prevention, management, and resolution in a rapidly changing geopolitical landscape. Their ability to foster diplomatic solutions, deploy peacekeeping missions, and enforce sanctions has positioned them as essential actors in maintaining global and regional stability. This paper examines the antecedents, institutional architecture, roles, and challenges of international organizations such as the United Nations (UN), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), African Union (AU), and the Arab League in managing contemporary conflicts. It highlights key case studies such as UN peacekeeping in South Sudan, NATO’s intervention in Libya, ECOWAS' role in The Gambia, the AU's efforts in Somalia, and the Arab League’s involvement in the Syrian conflict. The study employs a qualitative research methodology using secondary data sources, including policy documents, scholarly articles, and reports. The findings suggest that while international organizations remain crucial in conflict management, they face significant challenges, including geopolitical rivalries, funding constraints, lack of enforcement mechanisms, and issues of state sovereignty. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving the effectiveness of these organizations in conflict management.


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