Heavy Metals Accumulation in Vegetables from Irrigated Farmlands in Tudun Wada Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Ibrahim Khalil Umar, Ismai'ila Ahmad, Hadiza Muhammad Lawal

Abstract


The levels of some heavy metals were investigated on five (5) selected vegetable samples, two leafy vegetables: Spinach (Amarantus spp), Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.); two solanaceous vegetables: Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum), Ball (Red) pepper (Capsicum annuum Linn) and one root vegetable: Onion (Allium cep L.) that were freshly harvested within two different irrigated farmland in Tudun-Wada, Zaria Local Government Area of Kaduna state. The levels of the heavy metals, (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn and Fe) were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) (Buck model 210 VGP). In all the samples analyzed, Cd and Cr were not detected. The levels of heavy metals analyzed, the results ranged from Pb (0.056 ± 0.009 mg/kg to 0.095 ± 0.010 mg/kg), Cu (0.314 ± 0.043 mg/kg to 0.632 ± 0.022 mg/kg), Zn (1.090 ± 0.170 mg/kg to 8.341 ± 4.070 mg/kg) and Fe (9.926±2.226mg/kg to 23.660±4.135mg/kg). The order of the metal contamination in the vegetables was Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb. The results were below the WHO/FAO threshold values. The consumption of these vegetables as food may not pose possible health hazards to a human at the time of the study.


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