Organochlorine Pesticide Analysis of Atuh Wetland Ugiliamai for Cage Aquaculture in Schools: A Tool for Reshaping Education in Nigeria

Ogwu Chukwudi, Okonji A. O.

Abstract


This study investigated the organochlorine pesticides content of Atuh wetland for its suitability for cage aquaculture in schools as a tool for reshaping education in Nigeria.  The study answered 3 research questions and tested a hypothesis.  To achieve these, the research area Atuh wetland Ugiliamai has mapped 5 research blocks.  From each of the research blocks water samples were collected from 10 spots bulked, a composite drawn and fixed with HN03 and kept in an ice-cooled box for analysis. The analytical standards adopted were APHA and CHEM and the analytical instrument of determination deployed was Agilent 6100 series single Quadrupole LC/MS. The mean results obtained were; endrin 3.19±0.14ug/l DDE, 3.07±0.18ug/l endolsulfan II 1.48±0.09ug/l DDD, 1.54±0.26ug/l and diedrin 0.58±0.44ug/l.  The mean result obtained was further subjected to a significance test with ANOVA with numerator 4 and denominator 20 at 0.05 level of significance.  The F ratio calculated value was 6.42 while the F ratio critical value is 2.31 thus rejecting HO. The study recommends that cage aquaculture should not be implemented in Atuh wetlands in its pollution state, the pollution source point should be identified and discontinued and remediation should be carried out in Atuh wetland to restore it to its original health status

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdulwaheed O. A. (2012) Sampling and Samples Management in Hydrobiology. Lagos: Ozigi Books Ltd

Abolade, C. S. (2019) Assessment of the organochlorine pesticides toxicity on giant frog (Bufo bufo) Journal of Marine Toxicity, 7(3), 80-88

Achibong L.C (2012 19 September) Technical and vocational education and youth empowerment in Nigeria. Punch News PP 43-education

Adeboye J. C. (2020 14 October) Make technical and vocational courses compulsory subjects in secondary schools. Guardian News PP 51 education

Adeosun, K. (2018) Nigeria fish importation and local production. A ministerial brief Federal Ministry of Agriculture Abuja.

Adeyeye P. C. (2012 8 May) Technical and vocational education and the future of Nigeria economy. Guardian News PP 50-education

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) (2016) organochlorine ATSDR publication Atlanta Georgia

Akinyele, A. B. & Ojumu N. C. (2018) Determination of the pesticides accumulation in Enule River Osun State Nigeria. Scientia 15(4), 206-213

Akpe, R. U. & Ugochukwu O. S. (2017) Pesticides content determination of Ashaka wetland Ashaka Delta Nigeria. Journal of Total Environment, 18(5), 40-47

Aluya, K. N. (2018 6 February) Youths aquaculture; the solution to unemployment in Nigeria. Punch News Pp 45 – Education.

Babalola, B. C. (2018) The nutritive composition of African catfish (Chanas angularis) Journal of Agricultural Science, 15(3), 91-98.

Christian, B. N. (2017) Reshape definition.vocabulary.www.vocabulary.com

Clarkson, O. A. (2019) Definition of reshape www.merian-wetland.com.dict

Daniel, F. N. (2017) Reshape, definition and synonymous www.macmillan.com

Dickson, F. O. (2016) Reshape meaning for definition of reshape. www.yourdictionary.com

Ezeoba M. A. (2019 15 July) Empower youth through aquaculture sector packzan seed capital. Punch News pp 41 – Education

Ezeomedo, I. & Egware, A. (2018). Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger using urban agriculture as a tool for sustainable livelihood. African Journal of Environmental Research, 1(1), 1-20.

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2019) Nigeria fish importation. FAO Publication Rome. Italy

Gambrel, S. N. (2017) Reshape and reshaping. www.reshapescience.com

Gbemudu B. T. (2019) Effects of organochlorine pesticides on hatchlings, African Catfish (clanas gariepinus). Journal of Aquaculture and Marine Serves, 18(2), 141-149

Gregory, T. C. (2016) Numpy Arrey: manipulation reshape. www.w3 resources.com/numpy

Gumi, N. B. (2017, 6 November) Reshape secondary education to vocational and technical based for youths employment and economic growth. Vanguard News PP 41 Education

Harry, K. N. (2018) Reshape meaning synonyms. www.the.jarrus.com

Ibrahim M. C. (2016) The wetland chemistry of Iba wetland Ojo Lagos. Journal of Environment Protection Society, 4(2), 61-67

Ige S. O. (2018) Fishing and the rural economy of Ondo coastal villey. Journal of Social Science, 14(3), 48-54.

Ijewoda M. T. (2010) Cage aquaculture adoption in coastal communities of Anambra State. Journal of Aquaculture, 6(2), 5-12

Imam, K. C. (2011 7 March) Reshape Nigeria education to contain technical and vocational training. Nations News 38 education

International Labour Organization (ILO) (2019) Unemployment in Nigeria ILO Publication Genera Switzerland

International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2019) unemployment in Nigeria. IMF publication Washington DC USA

Jackson, A. C. (2017) Reshape - definition of reshape www.thefree.dictionary.com/reshape

John, C. B. (2018) what does reshape mean. www.reshape definition net>definition

Kwaghe T. O. (2017) Pollutants assessment of Igborosu wetland Badagery Lagos. Journal of Environmental Pollution and Toxicology, 13(9) 90-97.

Mkpado J. D. (2019 25 January) Youths involvement in aquaculture and unemployment in Nigeria. Nations News pp 40 – Education.

Muyiwa, A. A (2013 4 June) Include technical and vocational education in secondary school curriculum federal government advised. Vanguard in 46 - Education.

National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) (2019) Nigeria unemployment. Publication Abuja – Nigeria

Nigeria Educational Research and Development Council (NERDC) (2013) Trade/entrepreneurship curriculum in senior secondary schools. NERDC Abuja Nigeria.

Nnamdi, A. O. (2018) Pesticide content analysis of Oji River Oji Enugu State. Journal of Environment and Pollution Control, 10(3), 102- 109

Obakpolo S. P. (2011) Sampling in Marine Science. Benin: Osaro Publishers Ltd

Obiye O. P. (2017) Polychlorinate biphenyls and dioxins content of Okan River Agbarho Delta State Nigeria. Journal of chemical society of Nigeria, 14(3), 48-56.

Obodoukwu S.P (2018) Proximate composition of Africa snake head (Chana obscure). Journal of Food Science, 10(3), 41-48

Odachi S. J (2012 18 August) Reshape Nigeria education by introducing technical and vocational education and training Punch news PP 45- education

Odadoni, S. A. (2018) Youth cage aquaculture adoption in South East Nigeria. Journal in Extension Agriculture 4(3) 51-59.

Odagwe F.A (2012) hltps:/www.reshape Nigeria education. Retrieve January 2021

Oduwole T. A. (2018) Organochlorine pesticide characterization of Ose River Ondo State. Journal of Environment and Pollution Control, 19(4), 63-69.

Ogodo O. A. (2015) Pollution chemistry of Igbide wetland Isoko Delta Nigeria. Journal of Pollution and Toxicology, 13(3), 124-132.

Ogwu, C. (2019) (characterization of organochlorine pesticide content of Okumesi River Ebedei-uno. IOSR Journal, 12(3), 5-11.

Okwara A. U. (2016) Microplastics content of Adoine River Ebonye State Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Management, 15(4), 1-14

Olenalanka A.A (2012 20 April) Solve Nigeria youths unemployment problem using technical and vocational education (IYET) Vanguard News pp 46 - education

Oliver S.C. (2018) Definition of reshape. www. dictionary.com.reshape.

Osazuwa B. T. & Omadiagbe F. I (2017) Polychlorinated biphenyls content analysis of Ikpoba River Benin City. Journal of Environmental Toxicology, 20(4), 251-258.

Oteriba, P. N. O. (2018) Importation in Nigeria and the Economy. Lagos: Otenba management consultants.

Pedro, A. A. (2017) Definition of reshape by www.Lexicom.com>definition/reshape

Rowland, M. C. (2017) Reshape; meaning. www.cambridge.org. dictionary

Ruwani, B. (2019) Importation and Economic Growth. Lagos: Financial Derivatives Ltd.

Shehu, O. M. & Mustapha, D. O. (2017) Polychlorinated biphenyls content of Kaduna River Kaduna Nigeria. Journal Environmental Hazards and Control, 21(4), 201-208.

Simeon S.S (2019) How the race for reshape renewal. www.ft.com/Centre

Taiwo B. A. (2019) Fish landing in Ogun water side and Yelwa Ogun State Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Education, 7(2), 19-25.

United States of America Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) (2018) Bioaccumulation and bioaccumulation of substance in aquatic environment USEPA Publication Washington DC. USA

Usman, M. E. & Aminu A. C (2014) Organochlorine pesticides quantitation of Rima River Sokoto Chemosphere, 60(2), 95-107.

Vickson (2018) Reshape, definition and meaning. www.collinsdictionary.com

World Health Organization (WHO) (2020) Organochlorine in water maximum acceptable limits. WHO Publication Genera Switzerland.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.