Performance Evaluation of an Optimally Designed Substation Grounding Grids

Olalekan Kabiru, Yusuf Jibril, Gbenga Abidemi Olarinoye

Abstract


The inadequacy of proper grounding or the lack of it leads to disruption of services, damages to equipment under fault conditions and personnel injury or death. This paper applied the Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to determine an optimal design of Substation grounding grids. Sets of data were collected from the proposed substation site. The area of land for the proposed substation is 70m x 70m. For ease of the design, the site is divided into grids of 10m intervals along the longitudinal and transverse plane. The apparent resistivity data obtained from the testing equipment serves as inputs to sets of equations used in determining the Performance metrics for an optimal design of a Substation grounding grid design in line with IEEE STD80-2000 standard. A comparison of the results obtained using the two algorithms give the information on the best technique in terms of Step and Touch voltages, Ground Potential Rise (GPR) and Ground Resistance Rg for the proposed siting of the substation. The simulation was done in MATLAB R2015b. A design evaluation obtained by applying HSA and GA shows performances that are superior to those of IEEE STD80-2000. The maximum touch voltages are 814.70V and 812.77V for HSA and GA respectively. These values are superior to a maximum touch voltage of 758.21V obtained by applying the IEEE STD 80-2000. The maximum step voltages obtained are 283.77V and 308.48V for HSA and GA respectively against the IEEE STD80-2000 value of 392.91V. The step voltage reduced by 8.7% when its value obtained by applying HSA is compared to that obtained by applying GA. These results show that HSA outperformed GA as it reduces the maximum step voltage thus increasing the safety level. Furthermore, the GPR and the grid resistance values obtained using HSA showed remarkable reduction of 3.44%.


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References


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