Characterization and Influence of Porosity on the Two-Parameter Weibull Probability Distribution of Ceramic from Fired Clay

Muazu Abubakar

Abstract


In this research, the characterization and influence of porosity on the two-parameter Weibull probability distribution of locally sourced clay were investigated. Characterization of the clay was conducted using XRF and XRD. The clay was mixed with 0%, 10%, and 15% wt starch to produce both dense and porous ceramics, which were then pressed and fired at 1300°C. The fired clay was characterized using XRD and FESEM. Some pore properties of the fired samples were determined using apparent porosity, bulk density, and BET. The flexural strength of the fired clay (33 samples each) was recorded using a three-point bending test. The flexural strength data were analyzed using a two-parameter Weibull probability distribution. From the XRF result, it is evident that silica and alumina are the major constituents in the clay. The XRD result shows that a mullite ceramic phase formed after firing at 1300°C. According to the Weibull probability results, the Weibull modulus increases (6.59-11.10) with increasing starch content. However, the scale parameter decreases (35.75-12.95 MPa) with increasing starch content. The FESEM results indicate that the dense fired clay exhibits a random orientation of cracks, while the porous ceramic shows a relative distribution of pores as the percentage of starch increases. This suggests that the clay can be utilized to produce both dense and porous ceramics for filtration and separation applications.


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