Application of Contamination Indices and Human Health Risk Assessment of Inorganic elements in Dust Particulates at Funtua Textile Limited, Katsina Nigeria

Jimoh Abdullateef, M. K. Yahaya, M. A. Abdulazeez, S. Abdulsalam

Abstract


The study investigates health risks from inorganic element pollution near Funtua Textile Limited in Katsina, Nigeria. Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb in particulate dust were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, and bioavailable fractions were determined via sequential extraction. Quality assurance yielded metal recoveries between 71.44% and 80.16%. Metal concentrations varied, with Cu being most abundant and Cd least. Significant correlations among metals indicated common pollution sources, primarily anthropogenic, as revealed by principal component analysis (PCA). Using the USEPA method, average daily dose (ADD), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) were calculated for adults and children via oral, inhalation, and skin exposure. Adults showed higher ADD, HQ, and HI through oral routes, while children showed higher values through skin contact. The study identified man-made sources like cotton dust and emissions from factory equipment as major pollutants. Indices like geoaccumulation, contamination factor, pollution load, and enrichment factors indicated severe pollution levels, particularly for Cu and Cd. Pollution in soil samples exceeded recommended limits by the European Commission and WHO. The findings highlight significant human health and ecological risks from textile industry pollution, urging immediate soil remediation and preventive measures to mitigate the transfer of inorganic elements to the environment.


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