An Energy Efficient Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Usman Mairo, Henry E. Amhenrior

Abstract


The limited lifespan of sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) due to battery drains has drawn researchers' attention to improving the nodes' lifespan by developing communication protocols that efficiently utilize the limited available power. Many researchers have leveraged the well-established Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchical (LEACH) routing protocol to establish a better routing protocol to increase the network's overall lifespan. In this paper, an Enhanced Energy Efficiency LEACH protocol with equidistance based - Cluster Head (CH) selection is proposed to optimize nodes' energy consumption. The CH selection process was formulated to consider the residual energy and equal distance between the member nodes and the base station. Also, a modified Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) schedule which considers the schedule of the largest cluster in the network was utilized. MATLAB R2018a was used for development and simulation. Results from simulations show that the proposed protocol improved the lifespan of the network by 50% and 117%. This implies that the developed model can significantly reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes and is suitable for designing a WSN in real-time scenarios.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Amirthalingam, K. (2016, October). Improved LEACH: A modified leach for wireless sensor network. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computer Applications (ICACA) (pp. 255-258). IEEE.

Amrieen, S. I. (2020, March). Particle Swarm Optimization based Load Balancing Clustering Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2020 6th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) (pp. 1228-1233). IEEE.

Bongale, A. M., Swarup, A., & Shivam, S. (2017, February). EiP-LEACH: Energy influenced probability-based LEACH protocol for Wireless Sensor Network. In 2017 International Conference on emerging trends & innovation in ICT (ICEI) (pp. 77-81). IEEE.

Chris, T., & Steven, A. (2011). Wireless Sensor Networks: Principles and Applications. URL:http://cs.coloradocollege.edu/~mwhitehead/courses/2015_2016/CP341/Papers/sensors2. pdf (дата обращения: 16.05. 2018).

Heinzelman, W. R., Chandrakasan, A., & Balakrishnan, H. (2000, January). Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks. In Proceedings of the 33rd annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences (pp. 10-pp). IEEE.

Jorio, A., & Elbhiri, B. (2018). An energy-efficient clustering algorithm based on residual energy for wireless sensor network. In 2018 Renewable Energies, Power Systems & Green Inclusive Economy (REPS-GIE) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Khalaf, O. I., Romero, C. A. T., Hassan, S., & Iqbal, M. T. (2022). Mitigating hotspot issues in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Journal of Sensors, 2022, 1-14.

Kumar, S., Verma, U. K., & Sinha, D. (2016, March). Performance analysis of LEACH and ENHANCED LEACH in WSN. In 2016 International Conference on Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies (ICCPCT) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.

Raj, B., Ahmedy, I., Idris, M. Y. I., & Md. Noor, R. (2022). A survey on cluster head selection and cluster formation methods in wireless sensor networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022, 1-53.

Rappaport, T. S. (2010). Wireless communications: Principles and practice, 2/E. Pearson Education India.

Singh, S. (2016, January). Improved O-LEACH protocol: A clustering-based approach in wireless microsensor network. In 2016 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (ISCO) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.