Prevalence of Intestinal parasites Among Primary School Pupils in Jega and Maiyama Local Government Area Kebbi State, Nigeria.

Muhammad Musa Galamaji, Aisha A., Hafsat A. L., Idayat S. I.

Abstract


This study was carried out between August and November 2017 in order to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among ten selected public primary schools in Jega and Maiyam Local Government Area, Kebbi State, Nigeria. A total of 400 stool samples from children were examined for helminth ova and protozoan cysts by formal-ether concentration method. An overall prevalenceof 45.25% was obtained. Entamoeba hystolitica, Hookworm (Ancyclostoma duodonales and Necator americanus), and Ascaris lumbricoides were the most frequently encountered parasite with 27.5%, 26.4% and 18.3% prevalence respectively, followed by Cryptosporidium spp., (6.5%). Others encountered included Strongyloides stercoralis (4.1%), Entamoeba coli (3.7%), Trichuris trichura (2.8%), Enterobius vermicularis and Giardia lamblia (2.4%) respectively, Hymenolepis nana (2.0%), Taenia saginata, Strongyloides stercoralis and Diphylobotrium latum (1.4% each), and Balantidium coli (0.4%). Logistic regression analysis indicates that, the infection was associated with: age of the pupils, 5-7 years (OR=1.53, P = 0.04, 95%, Confidence Interval= 1.014-2.318) and 8-10 years (OR = 1.4. P = 0.1, CI= 0.90-2.12). Sex-specific prevalence is higher in males (49.5%) than females (41.0%). There was a positive association between sex and the prevalence of the infection (Odds Ratio=1.4, P = 0.09 and 95% CI=0.950-2.094). There was a statistically significant association between the prevalence of the infection and source of drinking water (OR=1.69, P = 0.01 and CI=1.124-2.537) for well water. It was concluded that unhygienic behavioral variables, certain environmental and socio-demographic factors predicted the presence of intestinal parasitism in the areas. Sustainable intervention should include basic health education, improvement in living standard, access to clean water and adequate sanitation.


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