Response Surface Methodology Approach to Optimization of Uptake Capacity of Metal Ions from Ternary Aqueous Solution with Activated Carbon from Acacia senegal (L.) Willd Pods

Sani Uba, Zahraddeen N. Garba, Abdulmalik A. Adetokun

Abstract


H3PO4 was used to prepare activated carbon from Acacia senegal pods. The prepared carbon was used to adsorb ions of Cd, Cr and Pb from a ternary solution. Design of Experiment was carried out using Central Composite Design (CCD) and adsorption experiment was carried out as arranged in a design matrix obtained from Design Expert software. The factors considered were, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial concentration of Cd, Pb and Cr. Uptake capacities of respective metal ions were taken as the response of the design. The optimum factor levels which were responsible for uptake capacities 87.82mg/g, 79.44mg/g and 73.66mg/g for Cd, Cr and Pb respectively predicted by the model were 144.25mg/L, 135.02mg/L, 132.46mg/L, 6.5, 0.01g and 10min as initial concentrations of Cd, Cr, Pb, pH, dosage and contact time respectively. A model was predicted for the experiment and it was further validated with coefficient of determination (R2) =0.8989, 0.8869 and 0.859 for uptake of Cd, Pb and Cr respectively. Revealing that the predicted values agree reasonably with the experimental values. Activated carbon from Acacia senegal pods has demonstrated to be effective in metal ions adsorption from aqueous solution.


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References


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