Kinetics, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies on Adsorption of Reactive Orange 20 from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Tamarind Kernel Powder

Adams A. D., Magaji I. Y., Kadanga B., Kabuk A. D., Opara H. O.

Abstract


Activated tamarind kernel powder (ATKP) was prepared from tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica); and utilized for the removal of Reactive Orange 20 (RO20) from its aqueous solution. The powder was activated using 4N nitric acid (HNO3). The adsorbent was characterised using infrared spectroscopy, bulk density, Ash content, pH, moisture content and dry matter content measurements. The effect of various parameters which include; temperature, pH, adsorbent dosage, ion concentration, and contact time were studied. Four different equilibrium Isotherm models were tested on the experimental data but the Temkin isotherm model was best-fitted into the experimental data. The pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were also fitted into the graphs, but pseudo-second order was best fitted into the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of Reactive Orange 20 unto activated tamarind kernel powder is a physical process, feasible and spontaneous, exothermic in nature and there is decreased randomness at the solid/solution interphase during the adsorption process. Therefore, activated tamarind kernel powder has proven to be a very good adsorbent for the removal of Reactive Orange 20 from industrial waste water.


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